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Gujari linguistic data
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Common questions about Gujari
What linguistic data does this Gujari page show?
Word order, tone, gender count, case marking, adposition direction, syllable structure, consonant inventory traits, vowel system, morphological alignment, script, register stratification, speaker count, and geographic area. Each row is one feature with Gujari's value visible; you can add other languages to read the same feature side by side.
Where do the Gujari data points come from?
Typological features are merged from URIEL+ (Mortensen et al.) and a curated set authored against descriptive grammars. Speaker counts come from Ethnologue and Glottolog. Geographic area is computed from the Asher 2007 world language atlas. Similarity scores combine genetic distance, typological overlap, and lexical-borrowing data.
Where do Gujari speakers live?
Across a wide arc of South Asia: Azad Kashmir and northern Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir (India), Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and parts of Afghanistan and Tajikistan. Gujari is associated with Gurjar pastoralist communities historically tied to seasonal migration with cattle and goats; the spread reflects centuries of transhumance.
How is Gujari related to Gujarati?
Both are Indo-Aryan, but they're distinct languages from different sub-groups. Gujari belongs to the Rajasthani sub-group (Western Indo-Aryan); Gujarati is its own language despite the similar name. The historical connection runs through the Gurjar people, but the modern languages have diverged significantly and are not mutually intelligible.
Why does Gujari cluster with Hindi or Punjabi on similarity scores?
All three are Indo-Aryan with SOV order, postpositions, two-gender systems, and shared core grammar. Gujari is most often treated as Rajasthani-adjacent, sharing more vocabulary and morphology with Hindi and Mewari than with Punjabi proper. The factor breakdown chip on the row tells you which dimensions contributed most.
Sources for Gujari
The grammatical descriptions on this page are informed by the following published reference and descriptive grammars. Grammatical facts themselves are not subject to copyright; the scholars who documented them deserve attribution.
- Grierson, G.A. (1919). Linguistic Survey of India, Vol. IX, Part IV. Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta. [Gujuri section]
- Baart, J.L.G. (2004). "Gojri." In J.L.G. Baart & G.R. Faizi (eds.), Pakistani Languages and Society: Problems and Prospects. National Institute of Pakistan Studies / Summer Institute of Linguistics.
- Sharma, D.D. (1995). Tribal Languages of Himachal Pradesh, Part I. Eastern Book Linkers, New Delhi.
- Masica, C.P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press.
- Ethnologue entry for Gujari (gju), SIL International.